Private capital refers to equity capital invested in private companies that is not listed on public stock exchanges. It is provided by private equity firms, venture capitalists, angel investors, family offices, and high net worth individuals. Private capital allows companies to access growth funding without diluting public shareholders or meeting regulatory requirements of public markets. It comes in various forms like private equity, venture capital, growth capital, and mezzanine debt. Private capital typically seeks high returns through active ownership and value creation strategies. Companies backed by private capital can scale rapidly before considering potential IPOs or strategic sales.